Tax records give us no information about the family. The booklets
used for recording the tax information in the field as well as in the court
house office were just the standard lined paper tablet book such as the
school children used. It is not a whole lot different than similar booklets
we use today. Some had a stiff cardboard cover and others just a paper
cover with a decoration and advertising.
When an individual has appeared in sequential years on the tax
records, and then disappears, we can determine a more accurate date for
the emigrations that occurred or potentially a death. Often there are notations
about a property being transferred from one owner to another. When
a married woman appears on the tax list in place of her husband, we have
a clue that he may have died. She will often be identified as widow. There
are cases where married women were taxed even though their husbands were
still living. This is the exception. Young men of working age were taxed
as Freemen even if they owned no property. In fact, they'd be better off
tax wise to own a cow as the tax was less on that than on single Freeman
with no property status. The same was not true of young women of the same
age.
In many cases individuals were taxed in two townships or even
two counties. If they were on the boundaries, which may well have been
established even after they purchased their properties, their lands overlapped
into two political divisions. They will usually show up on only one census,
but on the tax rolls of both townships. It is a source of curiosity to
me that if a pasture overlapped a boundary and the cow wandered back and
forth across it, was she taxable in one township or both? See my article,
You
Gotta Know the Territory, for information about the political divisions.
Chemung County NY Tax Rolls
1794 Newtown Tax (This was the early Elmira area and it was in Tioga County NY at
this time. It comprised at its organization all the territory now comprised
of the towns of Southport, Big Flats, Horse Heads, Catlin, Veteran, Erin,
Van Etten in Chemung County NY and the townships in Schuyler, of Dix, Catharine,
and Cayuta, which were detached from Chemung county to form Schuyler in
1854
Legislation enacted in 1799 established a system of assessing
and taxing real and personal property and required tax commissioners or
county supervisors to submit to the State Comptroller a copy of the county's
tax rolls and a list of unpaid taxes. The series consists of town assessment
rolls prepared by county and filed with the State Comptroller's Office
and now in the repository of the New York State Archives, Series number
B0950.
Published On 5/15/2003
By Joyce M. Tice
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